实用效果

跳跃加载

载入

::: code-group

<div class="loading">
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
</div>

@keyframes loading{
  /*to 表示100%的效果*/
  to {
    opacity: .1;
    transform: translate(0, -1rem)
  }
}
.loading {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}
.loading > div {
  width: 1rem;
  height: 1rem;
  margin: 3rem 0.2rem;
  background: #8385aa;
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: loading 0.6s infinite alternate;
}
.loading > div:nth-child(2) {
  animation-delay: .2s;
}
.loading > div:nth-child(3) {
  animation-delay: .4s;
}

:::

hover效果

按钮选中

::: code-group

<div class="button-border">
  <button class="button">提交</button>
</div>

.button {
  background: #c47135;
  border:none;
  color:#fff;
  outline: none;
  padding: 12px 40px 10px;
  position: relative;
}
.button::before,
.button:after{
  border: solid 0 transparent;
  transition: all 0.25s;
  content: '';
  height: 24px;
  position: absolute;
  width: 24px;
}
.button:before{
  border-top: solid 2px #c47135;
  left: 0px;
  top: -5px;
}
.button:after{
  border-bottom: solid 2px #c47135;
  bottom: -5px;
  right:0px;
}
.button:hover:before,
.button:hover:after{
  width: 100%;
}

:::

环状加载

加载

::: code-group

<div class="loading"></div>

@keyframes loading {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
.loading{
  display: inline-block;
  border: solid 4px rgba(0,0,0, .1);
  border-left-color: #7983ff;
  border-radius: 50%;
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  animation: loading 1.2s linear infinite;
}

:::

::: warning 提示 更多 loaders 效果可以参考 css-loaders :::

旋转过渡

旋转

::: code-group

<div class="rotate_01">Hover</div>

.rotate_01{
  display: inline-block;
  width:75px;
  height:75px;
  padding: 10px;
  color: white;
  line-height: 50px;
  text-align: center;
  background: #333;
  transition: transform 1s ease;
}
.rotate_01:hover{
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

:::

高度过渡

高度过渡

::: code-group

<div class="wrapper">
  hover展开过渡效果
  <div class="el">看见我了么</div>
</div>

.el {
  transition: max-height 0.5s ease;
  overflow: hidden;
  max-height: 0;
}
.wrapper:hover > .el{
  max-height: var(--max-height);
}

var ele = document.querySelector('.el')
var height = ele.scrollHeight
ele.style.setProperty('--max-height', height + 'px')

:::

放大

放大

::: code-group

<p class="hover-animation">快活呀!</p>

.hover-animation{
  display: inline-block;
  vertical-align: middle;
  transition-duration: .3s;
  transition-property: box-shadow, transform;
}
.hover-animation:hover,
.hover-animation:focus,
.hover-animation:active{
  box-shadow: 1px 10px 10px -10px rgba(0, 0, 24, .5);
  transform: scale(1.2)
}

:::

文字下方出现效果

文字下方出现效果

::: code-group

<p class="hover-animation">文字下方出现效果</p>

.hover-animation{
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
  color: #0087ca;
}
.hover-animation::after{
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  transform: scale(0);
  height: 2px;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  background: #0087ca;
  /* 元素在x和y轴的位置 */
  transform-origin: bottom right;
  transition: transform 0.25s ease-out;
}
.hover-animation:hover::after{
  transform: scaleX(1);
  transform-origin: bottom left;
}

:::

不能选择

不能选择

::: code-group

<p>正常能选择</p>
<p class="no-select">不能被选择</p>

.no-select{user-select: none;}

:::

子菜单

子菜单

::: code-group

<div class="parent" tabindex="0">
  <div class="child">子菜单</div>
</div>

.parent{
  position: relative;
  background: red;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
}
.child{
  position: absolute;
  visibility: hidden;
  left: 100%;
  background: #333;
  color: white;
  padding: 15px;
}
/* focus-within: 一个元素获得焦点,该元素后代元素获得焦点 */
.parent:hover > .child,
.parent:focus > .child,
.parent:focus-within > .child{
  visibility: visible;
}

:::

同级淡出

同级淡出

::: code-group

<div class="sibling">
  <span>苹果</span>
  <span>香蕉</span>
  <span>西瓜</span>
  <span>橘子</span>
  <span>红枣</span>
</div>

.sibling span{
  padding: 0 1rem;
  transition: opacity .2s;
}
.sibling:hover > span:not(:hover) {
  opacity: .5;
}

:::

伪类清除浮动

清除浮动

::: code-group

<div class="clearfix">
  <div class="floated">float 一 </div>
  <div class="floated">float 二 </div>
  <div class="floated">float 三 </div>
</div>

.clearfix::after{
  content: '';
  display: block;
  clear: both;
}
.floated{float: left;}

:::

垂直居中

垂直居中

::: code-group

<div class="container">
  <div class="center">
    <span>垂直居中</span>
  </div>
</div>

.container{
  margin: 0 auto;
  border: solid 1px #333;
  height: 100px;
  width: 100px;
}
.container > .center{
  display: table;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}
.container > .center > span {
  display: table-cell;
  text-align: center;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

:::

等分布局

等分布局

::: code-group

<div class="equal-wrapper">
  <p>贵金属</p>
  <p>能源</p>
  <p>有色</p>
</div>

.equal-wrapper{
  margin: 0 auto;
  width: 300px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

:::

图片对齐

图片对齐

::: code-group

<div class="wrapper">
  <img class="image image-contain" src="https://www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png?where=super" />
  <img class="image image-cover" src="https://www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png?where=super" />
</div>

.image{
  background: #333;
  border: solid 1px #333;
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
}
/* object-fit: 自适应 */
/* object-position: 对齐方式 */
.image-contain{
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center;
}
.image-cover{
  object-position: cover;
  object-position: left top;
}

:::

flex居中

flex居中

::: code-group

<div class="flexbox">
  <div class="child">这是内容</div>
</div>

.flexbox {
  margin: 0 auto;
  border: solid 1px #333;
  width: 200px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  height: 100px;
}

:::

子块在父块垂直居中

子块在父块垂直居中

::: code-group

<div class="parent">
  <div class="child">
    <p>子元素在父元素垂直居中</p>
  </div>
</div>

.parent > .child{
  height: 300px;
  background: cyan;
}
.parent > .child:before{
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
  height: 100%;
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.parent > .child > p{
  display: inline-block;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

:::

grid水平垂直居中

grid水平垂直居中

::: code-group

<div class="parent">
  <div class="child">
    子元素在父元素水平垂直居中
  </div>
</div>

.parent {
  margin: 0 auto;
  width: 300px;
  display: grid;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  height: 100px;
  background: cyan;
}

:::

绝对定位水平垂直居中

绝对定位水平垂直居中

::: code-group

<div class="parent">
  <div class="child">
    绝对定位水平垂直居中
  </div>
</div>

.parent {
  margin: 0 auto;
  width: 300px;
  border: solid 1px #333;
  height: 250px;
  position: relative;
  width: 250px;
}
.parent > .child{
  left: 50%;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  text-align: center;
}

:::

多行文本截断

多行文本截断

::: code-group

<div class="container">
  这是一条神奇的天路诶，这是一条神奇的天路诶，这是一条神奇的天路诶，
  这是一条神奇的天路诶，这是一条神奇的天路诶，这是一条神奇的天路诶，
  这是一条神奇的天路诶，这是一条神奇的天路诶，这是一条神奇的天路诶，
</div>

.container{
  overflow: hidden;
  display: block;
  height: 109.2px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  font-size: 26px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  width: 400px;
  position: relative;
}
/* linear-gradient: 方向; color1; color2; ... */
.container:after{
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  right: 0;
  width: 150px;
  height: 36.4px;
  background: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0), #f5f6f9 50%);
}

:::

单行省略

单行省略

::: code-group

<div class="container">
  这是一条神奇的天路诶，这是一条神奇的天路诶，这是一条神奇的天路诶，
</div>

.container{
  overflow: hidden;
  white-space: nowrap;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  width: 200px;
}

:::

计算

计算

::: code-group

<div class="cal"></div>

/* calc运算符前后都需要保留一个空格 */
.cal{
  width: 400px;
  height: 200px;
  background: #333 url('https://daily.zhihu.com/img/new_home_v3/top_logo.png') no-repeat;
  background-position: 0 calc(100% - 20px) ;
}

:::

圆

圆

::: code-group

<div class="circle"></div>

.circle{
  margin: 0 auto;
  width: 2rem;
  height: 2rem;
  background: #333;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

:::

列表计算

列表计算

::: code-group

<ul class="wrapper">
  <li class="parent">化工</li>
  <li class="parent">
    能源
    <ul>
      <li class="child">原油</li>
      <li class="child">燃油</li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li class="parent">贵金属</li>
</ul>

ul.wrapper {counter-reset: section;}
li {list-style: none;}
li.parent{counter-reset: subsection;}
/* counters:  */
.parent:before{
  counter-increment: section;
  content: counter(section);
}
.child:before{
  counter-increment: subsection;
  content: counter(section) '.' counter(subsection);
}

:::

改变滚动条样式

滚动条样式

::: code-group

<div class="scrollbar-style">
  <p>
    独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲，遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人！
    独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲，遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人！
    独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲，遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人！
    独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲，遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人！
  </p>
</div>

.scrollbar-style{
  margin: 0 auto;
  width: 400px;
  height:70px;
  overflow-y: scroll;
}
.scrollbar-style::-webkit-scrollbar{
  width: 8px;
}
/* 滚动条小方块 */
/* box-shadow: 水平, 垂直, 发散 */
.scrollbar-style::-webkit-scrollbar-track{
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
  border-radius: 10px;
}
/* 滚动条轨道 */
.scrollbar-style::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
}

:::

伪类:复制样式

复制样式

::: code-group

<div class="text-selection">
  测试复制文本
</div>

::selection{
  background: aquamarine;
  color:black;
}
.text-selection::selection{
  background: deeppink;
  color:white;
}

:::

表单选中

表单选中

::: code-group

<div class="form-focus">
  <form>
    <label for="family_name">姓: </label><input id="family_name" type="text" /><br>
    <label for="given_name">名: </label><input id="given_name" type="text" />
  </form>
</div>

.form-focus{
  width: 500px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
form {
  border: solid 3px #333;
  color: #000;
  padding: 5px;
}
form:focus-within {
  background: aquamarine;
  color: #000;
}

:::

全屏样式

全屏样式

::: code-group

<div class="container">
  <p>点击按钮切换到全屏模式</p>
  <div class="ele" id="ele"><p>改变全屏背景色</p></div>
  <br>
  <button onclick="changeToFullscreen()">全屏</button>
</div>

.container {
  margin: 40px auto;
  max-width: 700px;
}
.ele {
  padding: 20px;
  height: 300px;
  width: 100%;
  background-color: skyblue;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
.ele p {
  text-align: center;
  color: white;
  font-size: 3em;
}
.ele:-ms-fullscreen p {
  visibility: visible;
}
.ele:fullscreen {
  background: red;
  width:100vw;
  height: 100vh;
}

function changeToFullscreen () {
  let el = document.getElementById('ele')
  el.requestFullscreen()
}

:::

渐变追踪

渐变追踪

::: code-group

<button class="gradient-track">
  <span>悬停展示效果</span>
</button>

.gradient-track {
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.gradient-track {
  position: relative;
  background: #7983ff;
  padding: .5rem 1rem;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  border: none;
  color: white;
  cursor: pointer;
  outline: none;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.gradient-track span {
  position: relative;
}
.gradient-track::before {
  --size: 0;
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: var(--x);
  top: var(--y);
  width: var(--size);
  height: var(--size);
  background: radial-gradient(circle closest-side, pink, transparent);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  transition: width 0.2s ease, height 0.2s ease;
}
.gradient-track:hover::before {
  --size: 200px;
}

// e是onmousemove对象, rect是按钮对象
let btn = document.querySelector('.gradient-track')
btn.onmousemove = function (e) {
  let rect = e.target.getBoundingClientRect()
  let x = e.clientX - rect.left
  let y = e.clientY - rect.top
  btn.style.setProperty('--x', x + 'px')
  btn.style.setProperty('--y', y + 'px')
}

:::

斑马线

斑马线

::: code-group

<ul>
  <li>苹果</li>
  <li>香蕉</li>
  <li>菠萝</li>
  <li>荔枝</li>
  <li>桂圆</li>
</ul>

li {width: 200px;margin: 0 auto;}
li:nth-child(odd) {
  background: #eee;
}

:::

倒三角

倒三角

::: code-group

<div class="triangle"></div>

.triangle {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-top: solid 20px #333;
  border-left: solid 20px transparent;
  border-right: solid 20px transparent;
}

:::

锯齿分割

锯齿分割

::: code-group

<div class="separator"></div>

.separator {
  position: relative;
  height: 48px;
  background: #333;
}
.separator::after {
  content: '';
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 12'%3E%3Cpath d='m12 0l12 12h-24z' fill='%23fff'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  left: 0;
  height: 12px;
  bottom: 0;
}

:::

超出滚动渐变

超出渐变

::: code-group

<div class="parent">
  <div class="child">
    独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。
    独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。
    独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。
    独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。
  </div>
</div>

.parent {
  position: relative;
}
.parent::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 250px;
  height: 25px;
  background: linear-gradient(
    rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.001),
    white
  );
  pointer-events: none;
}
.parent > .child {
  overflow-y: scroll;
  background: white;
  width: 200px;
  height: 100px;
  padding: 15px;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

:::

检查框

检查框

::: code-group

<input type="checkbox" id="toggle" class="offscreen" />
<label for="toggle" class="switch"></label>

.switch {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 40px;
  height: 20px;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .25);
  border-radius: 20px;
  transition: all 0.3s;
}
.switch::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  border-radius: 18px;
  background-color: white;
  top: 1px;
  left: 1px;
  transition: all 0.3s;
}
input[type='checkbox']:checked + .switch::after {
  transform: translateX(20px);
}
input[type='checkbox']:checked + .switch {
  background-color: skyblue;
}
.offscreen {
  position: absolute;
  left: -9999px;
}

:::

参考

1. 30 seconds of CSS